Robotic Systems

ECE-DK808 · Spring semester
Electrical & Computer Engineering Dept., University of Patras
Undergraduate 10 lectures Instructor: Konstantinos Chatzilygeroudis

A second course in robotics that moves from single manipulators to complete robotic systems. After a fast review of rigid-body motion and kinematics, it covers mobile robots and sampling-based motion planning (RRT and related methods), and the Lie-group view of orientations and poses used for pose errors and trajectories on SO(3) and SE(3).

The middle part treats state estimation: Bayesian filtering, the Kalman filter and its nonlinear variants (EKF, UKF), and EKF-SLAM. The final part turns to optimization-based control — inverse kinematics and inverse dynamics as quadratic programs, task-space and null-space control, multi-limb and bimanual robots, contacts and friction cones — and ends with how legged robots walk.

Slides for each lecture, grouped by teaching week.

Week 1
Lecture 1
Introduction to Robotics
  • Overview of robotic systems and joints
  • Notation
  • Rigid Body Motions
  • Screws/Twists (high-level intuition)
  • Jacobians
  • FK
  • IK (briefly)
Slides
Week 2
Lecture 2
Mobile Robots & Motion Planning
  • Integrators
  • URDF
  • Mobile robots
  • Motion Planning
  • RRT and related
Slides
Week 3
Lecture 3
Introduction to Matrix Lie Groups
  • Orientation Representations
  • Quaternions (without the attitude Jacobian)
  • Lie Group/Screw Theory/Tangent spaces (SO(3) + SE(3))
Slides
Week 4
Lecture 4
Special Euclidean Group & Trajectory Generation
  • More Lie Group
  • Pose errors, rotation errors
  • Splines/Trajectories in SO(3)/SE(3)
  • Examples
Slides
Week 5
Lecture 5
Kalman Filters
  • Probabilities Primer
  • Bayesian Inference
  • Bayesian Filtering and Estimation
  • Motion & Observation Models
  • Kalman Filter
Slides
Week 6
Lecture 6
Non-linear Filters & SLAM
  • EKF and UKF
  • The SLAM Problem
  • EKF SLAM
Slides
Week 7
Lecture 7
Introduction to Optimization-based Control
  • Inverse Kinematics as an optimization
  • Whole Body Inverse Kinematics (QPs)
  • Task-space control with Jacobian pseudo-inverse
  • Decoupling position and orientation control
  • Manipulator Equation and Dynamics
  • Force control in joint space
  • Force control in task space
  • Task-space inertia
Slides
Week 8
Lecture 8
Optimization-based Control
  • Task-space robust control of manipulators
  • Null-space control
  • Inverse Kinematics of multi-limb robots
  • Kinematic "Balancing" of a biped robot
  • Controlling a bimanual robot
Slides
Week 9
Lecture 9
Whole-Body Instantaneous Controllers
  • Static balancing on legs
  • Whole Body Inverse Dynamics (QPs)
  • Controlling with contacts
  • Legged Robots
  • Contact Dynamics/Friction Cones
Slides
Week 10
Lecture 10
Walking Robots
  • Finite State Machines/Behavior Trees (briefly)
  • How do robots walk? (pipeline)
  • Walking pattern generation
  • Footstep planning
  • Walking state machine
  • Support Polygon
  • Swing foot interpolation
Slides